Introduction

Tree roots are essential to a tree’s health, yet they’re often out of sight and out of mind. Healthy roots do more than anchor a tree—they support water absorption, nutrient intake, and resilience against seasonal challenges. Learning how to care for your tree’s root system can make a huge difference in its health and longevity. Here’s what to look for when it comes to root health, and some tips on how to keep your trees’ roots in top shape.

  1. Watch for Signs of Root Problems
    Even though tree roots are hidden underground, there are some telltale signs above ground that can indicate root trouble:
    • Wilting Leaves or Early Leaf Drop: If you notice leaves wilting, yellowing, or dropping sooner than they should, it might mean your tree’s roots aren’t able to absorb enough water or nutrients. This could be a sign of root damage, poor soil health, or compacted soil.
    • Fungal Growth Around the Base: Mushrooms or other fungi growing near the base of the tree are often a sign of root rot or internal decay. This can weaken the tree’s overall stability and leave it vulnerable to disease.
    • Leaning Tree: A tree that suddenly starts to lean may be dealing with root damage or instability. A leaning tree is a serious concern, as it could eventually fall and cause damage to nearby structures.
  2. Avoid Soil Compaction
    Compacted soil is one of the most common threats to tree root health. When the soil is compacted, it prevents roots from accessing the oxygen and water they need to grow. Avoid parking vehicles or placing heavy objects near trees, as this can compress the soil. If your soil already feels compacted, consider aerating it around the root zone to allow for better airflow and encourage root growth.
  3. Water Deeply and Consistently
    Proper watering is key to keeping roots healthy. Trees need consistent moisture, especially in dry or drought-prone areas. Instead of light, frequent watering, opt for deep, thorough watering sessions to encourage roots to grow deeper into the soil. This not only strengthens the tree but also improves its ability to withstand dry spells. Deep watering once or twice a week, depending on weather conditions, can make a significant difference.
  4. Protect the Root Zone
    The critical root zone (CRZ) is the area from the trunk outward to the edge of the tree’s canopy. This is the most sensitive part of a tree’s root system, and it’s essential to keep it protected. Avoid digging, landscaping, or disturbing soil in this zone, as damaged roots are more susceptible to disease and decay. If you need to work near the tree for construction or landscaping projects, try to work around this zone to minimize impact on the tree’s roots.
  5. Keep an Eye Out for Pests and Disease
    Some pests and diseases directly impact the roots of trees, affecting their ability to absorb water and nutrients. Watch for signs of insect infestations, like borers near the tree’s base, or symptoms like yellowing leaves and stunted growth. Many root problems start small but can escalate quickly if left untreated. Addressing pests or disease early can help keep roots healthy and prevent the need for more extensive treatments down the road.
  6. Consider Fertilizing When Needed
    Soil quality is crucial for root health. If you suspect that the soil around your tree is low in essential nutrients, consider using a slow-release fertilizer to supplement it. Fertilizer can provide the necessary minerals that support root growth and help your tree thrive. However, it’s a good idea to test your soil first; over-fertilizing can lead to nutrient imbalances that could ultimately harm your tree rather than help it.
  7. Keep the Soil Moist but Not Soggy
    While trees need water to stay hydrated, waterlogged soil can be equally damaging. Roots need a balance of moisture and oxygen to stay healthy, so avoid overwatering, which can drown roots and lead to rot. Good drainage is key, so if your soil doesn’t drain well, consider creating ways for excess water to flow away from the root zone.

Conclusion

Healthy roots are the foundation of a strong, resilient tree. By preventing soil compaction, watering deeply and consistently, protecting the root zone, and keeping an eye out for pests, you can support your trees’ roots and overall health. If you’re unsure about the health of your trees or have questions about root care, Environmental Advantage’s certified arborists are here to help with personalized advice and care.

For more information or to schedule a consultation, contact Environmental Advantage.